脚下滑

定义

脚下滑 is when you have difficulty lifting the front part of your foot. This may cause you to drag your foot when you walk. 脚下滑, 也作drop foot, can be caused by a problem with the muscles, 神经, 或者解剖你的脚或腿.

选择的名字

Peroneal nerve injury - foot drop; Fibular nerve injury; 脚下滑 palsy; Fibular neuropathy; Peroneal neuropathy; Drop foot

原因

脚下滑 is not a condition by itself. 这是另一种疾病的症状. 脚下滑 can be caused by a number of health conditions.

The most common cause of foot drop is 腓神经损伤. This nerve is also called the fibular nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. It supplies movement and sensation to the lower leg, foot, and toes.

十大赌博靠谱网络平台 that affect the 神经 and muscles in the body can lead to foot drop. 它们包括:

• 周围神经病变 -- 糖尿病 is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a common inherited peripheral neuropathy.
• Some muscle diseases cause foot drop, including some forms of 肌肉萎缩症.
• 小儿麻痹症 is caused by a virus, and can cause muscle weakness and paralysis.

Crossing the legs at the knees can also damage the peroneal nerve.

Brain and spinal cord disorders can cause muscle weakness and paralysis and include:

• 中风
• 肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)
• 多发性硬化症

症状

脚下滑 can cause problems walking. Because you can't raise the front of your foot, you need to raise your leg higher than normal to take a step to avoid dragging your toes or tripping. The foot may make a slapping noise as it hits the ground. 这被称为步进 步态.

根据落脚的原因而定, you may feel numbness or tingling on the top of your foot or shin. 脚下滑 may occur in one or both feet, depending on the cause.

考试和测试

Your health care provider will perform a physical exam, which may show:

• Loss of muscle control in the lower legs and feet
• 足部或腿部肌肉萎缩
• Difficulty lifting up the foot and toes

Your provider may order one or more of the following tests to check your muscles and 神经 and to determine the cause:

• 肌电描记术 (EMG, a test of electrical activity in muscles)
• 神经传导试验 to see how fast electrical signals move through a peripheral nerve)
• 成像测试，如 核磁共振成像, x射线, CT扫描
• 神经超声
• 血液测试

治疗

治疗 of foot drop depends on what is causing it. In some cases, treating the cause will also cure foot drop. If the cause is a chronic or ongoing illness, foot drop may be permanent.

Certain people may benefit from physical and occupational therapy.

可能的治疗方法包括:

• Braces, splints, or shoe inserts to help support the foot and keep it in a more normal position.
• Physical therapy can help stretch and strengthen muscles and help you walk better.
• Nerve stimulation may help retrain the 神经 and muscles of the foot.

Surgery may be needed to relieve pressure on the nerve or to try to repair it. For long-term foot drop, your provider may suggest fusing the ankle or foot bones. 或者你可能要做肌腱手术. In this, a working tendon and attached muscle is transferred to a different part of the foot.

前景(预测)

How well you recover depends on what is causing foot drop. 脚下滑 will often go away completely. If the cause is more severe, such as stroke, you may not recover completely.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Contact your provider if you have trouble walking or controlling your foot, including:

• Your toes drag on the floor while walking.
• Your foot makes a slapping noise on the ground as you walk (steppage 步态).
• You are unable to hold up the front of your foot.
• You have decreased sensation, numbness, or tingling in your foot or toes.
• 脚踝或足部无力. 

参考文献

Del Toro DR, Seslija D, King JC. 腓骨(腓)神经病变. In: Frontera WR, Silver JK, Rizzo TD, eds. Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 第四版. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 75.

Katirji B. 周围神经紊乱. In: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 106.

汤普森PD，纳特JG. 步态障碍. In: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 25.